Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids

Ali Najah Al-Shamani; M. A. Alghoul; A. M. Elbreki; A. A. Ammar; Azher M. Abed; K. Sopian

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.156

Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids

Ali Najah Al-Shamani^*
, M. A. Alghoul
, A. M. Elbreki
, A. A. Ammar
, Azher M. Abed
, K. Sopian

^*Corresponding author for this work

Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

88 Scopus citations

Abstract

The high temperature of PV modules is one of the major factors that affect the PV system performance. The PV/T collector is proposed mainly to recover the heat of the high PV module temperature using conventional working fluids (water/air). Nanofluids (NFs) would help enhance the heat transfer/heat removal. The effect of NFs on enhancing the electrical/thermal efficiency of the PV/T collector besides the fluid's outlet temperature were investigate theoretically and experimentally. Fluent simulation tool together with energy balance equations were used. Three rounds of analysis were performed. Firstly, the optimal design of “sheet and tube” thermal absorber was determined using water as the base fluid. Secondly, the PV/T performance aspects using three types of NFs (CuO, SiO₂, and ZnO) and water, were compared. Thirdly, the life cycle cost analysis/profit gain were applied to examine the feasibility of the grid connected PV/T-NF. The results showed that the optimal design of the PV/T thermal absorber requires 11 rectangular tubes per module, and the optimal rectangular tube dimensions are 24 mm (width) and 15 mm (depth). The results also revealed that the NF-SiO₂ showed outstanding enhancement compared to other types of NFs and water. In addition, the results revealed that using NF- SiO₂ in the PV/T collector reduced the PV module temperature from 65 °C to 45 °C and increased the outlet temperature from 35 °C to 44 °C, leading to an electrical and thermal efficiency enhancement of 12.70% and 5.76% respectively at a solar irradiance of 1000 W/m². Payback analysis and profit gain of grid connected PV/T- NF (SiO₂) system, grid connected PV/T- water system, and (grid connected PV + solar thermal) system were found (8 yrs, 10218.137 $; 11 yrs, 5518.518 $; 15 yrs, 3816.873 $), respectively. This indicated that the grid connected PV/T-NF (SiO₂) system is economically feasible compared to the other systems despite the additional initial cost of the expensive NFs and the customized heat exchanger.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	770-792
Number of pages	23
Journal	Energy
Volume	145
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.156
State	Published - 15 Feb 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Life cycle cost analysis/ profit gain of grid connected PVT-NF system
Optimal thermal absorber design
PV/T system
Performance enhancement
Plain water and water based nanofluids

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Civil and Structural Engineering
Modeling and Simulation
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Building and Construction
Fuel Technology
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Pollution
Mechanical Engineering
General Energy
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.156

Cite this

@article{626dd429773a49789ae3584cab0be0ac,

title = "Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids",

abstract = "The high temperature of PV modules is one of the major factors that affect the PV system performance. The PV/T collector is proposed mainly to recover the heat of the high PV module temperature using conventional working fluids (water/air). Nanofluids (NFs) would help enhance the heat transfer/heat removal. The effect of NFs on enhancing the electrical/thermal efficiency of the PV/T collector besides the fluid's outlet temperature were investigate theoretically and experimentally. Fluent simulation tool together with energy balance equations were used. Three rounds of analysis were performed. Firstly, the optimal design of “sheet and tube” thermal absorber was determined using water as the base fluid. Secondly, the PV/T performance aspects using three types of NFs (CuO, SiO2, and ZnO) and water, were compared. Thirdly, the life cycle cost analysis/profit gain were applied to examine the feasibility of the grid connected PV/T-NF. The results showed that the optimal design of the PV/T thermal absorber requires 11 rectangular tubes per module, and the optimal rectangular tube dimensions are 24 mm (width) and 15 mm (depth). The results also revealed that the NF-SiO2 showed outstanding enhancement compared to other types of NFs and water. In addition, the results revealed that using NF- SiO2 in the PV/T collector reduced the PV module temperature from 65 °C to 45 °C and increased the outlet temperature from 35 °C to 44 °C, leading to an electrical and thermal efficiency enhancement of 12.70\% and 5.76\% respectively at a solar irradiance of 1000 W/m2. Payback analysis and profit gain of grid connected PV/T- NF (SiO2) system, grid connected PV/T- water system, and (grid connected PV + solar thermal) system were found (8 yrs, 10218.137 \$; 11 yrs, 5518.518 \$; 15 yrs, 3816.873 \$), respectively. This indicated that the grid connected PV/T-NF (SiO2) system is economically feasible compared to the other systems despite the additional initial cost of the expensive NFs and the customized heat exchanger.",

keywords = "Life cycle cost analysis/ profit gain of grid connected PVT-NF system, Optimal thermal absorber design, PV/T system, Performance enhancement, Plain water and water based nanofluids",

author = "Al-Shamani, \{Ali Najah\} and Alghoul, \{M. A.\} and Elbreki, \{A. M.\} and Ammar, \{A. A.\} and Abed, \{Azher M.\} and K. Sopian",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2018",

month = feb,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.156",

language = "English",

volume = "145",

pages = "770--792",

journal = "Energy",

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T1 - Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids

AU - Al-Shamani, Ali Najah

AU - Alghoul, M. A.

AU - Elbreki, A. M.

AU - Ammar, A. A.

AU - Abed, Azher M.

AU - Sopian, K.

PY - 2018/2/15

Y1 - 2018/2/15

N2 - The high temperature of PV modules is one of the major factors that affect the PV system performance. The PV/T collector is proposed mainly to recover the heat of the high PV module temperature using conventional working fluids (water/air). Nanofluids (NFs) would help enhance the heat transfer/heat removal. The effect of NFs on enhancing the electrical/thermal efficiency of the PV/T collector besides the fluid's outlet temperature were investigate theoretically and experimentally. Fluent simulation tool together with energy balance equations were used. Three rounds of analysis were performed. Firstly, the optimal design of “sheet and tube” thermal absorber was determined using water as the base fluid. Secondly, the PV/T performance aspects using three types of NFs (CuO, SiO2, and ZnO) and water, were compared. Thirdly, the life cycle cost analysis/profit gain were applied to examine the feasibility of the grid connected PV/T-NF. The results showed that the optimal design of the PV/T thermal absorber requires 11 rectangular tubes per module, and the optimal rectangular tube dimensions are 24 mm (width) and 15 mm (depth). The results also revealed that the NF-SiO2 showed outstanding enhancement compared to other types of NFs and water. In addition, the results revealed that using NF- SiO2 in the PV/T collector reduced the PV module temperature from 65 °C to 45 °C and increased the outlet temperature from 35 °C to 44 °C, leading to an electrical and thermal efficiency enhancement of 12.70% and 5.76% respectively at a solar irradiance of 1000 W/m2. Payback analysis and profit gain of grid connected PV/T- NF (SiO2) system, grid connected PV/T- water system, and (grid connected PV + solar thermal) system were found (8 yrs, 10218.137 $; 11 yrs, 5518.518 $; 15 yrs, 3816.873 $), respectively. This indicated that the grid connected PV/T-NF (SiO2) system is economically feasible compared to the other systems despite the additional initial cost of the expensive NFs and the customized heat exchanger.

AB - The high temperature of PV modules is one of the major factors that affect the PV system performance. The PV/T collector is proposed mainly to recover the heat of the high PV module temperature using conventional working fluids (water/air). Nanofluids (NFs) would help enhance the heat transfer/heat removal. The effect of NFs on enhancing the electrical/thermal efficiency of the PV/T collector besides the fluid's outlet temperature were investigate theoretically and experimentally. Fluent simulation tool together with energy balance equations were used. Three rounds of analysis were performed. Firstly, the optimal design of “sheet and tube” thermal absorber was determined using water as the base fluid. Secondly, the PV/T performance aspects using three types of NFs (CuO, SiO2, and ZnO) and water, were compared. Thirdly, the life cycle cost analysis/profit gain were applied to examine the feasibility of the grid connected PV/T-NF. The results showed that the optimal design of the PV/T thermal absorber requires 11 rectangular tubes per module, and the optimal rectangular tube dimensions are 24 mm (width) and 15 mm (depth). The results also revealed that the NF-SiO2 showed outstanding enhancement compared to other types of NFs and water. In addition, the results revealed that using NF- SiO2 in the PV/T collector reduced the PV module temperature from 65 °C to 45 °C and increased the outlet temperature from 35 °C to 44 °C, leading to an electrical and thermal efficiency enhancement of 12.70% and 5.76% respectively at a solar irradiance of 1000 W/m2. Payback analysis and profit gain of grid connected PV/T- NF (SiO2) system, grid connected PV/T- water system, and (grid connected PV + solar thermal) system were found (8 yrs, 10218.137 $; 11 yrs, 5518.518 $; 15 yrs, 3816.873 $), respectively. This indicated that the grid connected PV/T-NF (SiO2) system is economically feasible compared to the other systems despite the additional initial cost of the expensive NFs and the customized heat exchanger.

KW - Life cycle cost analysis/ profit gain of grid connected PVT-NF system

KW - Optimal thermal absorber design

KW - PV/T system

KW - Performance enhancement

KW - Plain water and water based nanofluids

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DO - 10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.156

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85041427883

SN - 0360-5442

VL - 145

SP - 770

EP - 792

JO - Energy

JF - Energy

ER -

Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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