Magnetic nanohybrids based sensors for the detection of protein, vitamin, and virus

In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and their hybrid materials have gained particular interest in developing sensors and analytical methodologies with the aim of advancement in clinical, pharmaceutical, food, and environmental sensing. In sensing, magnetic nanohybrids are often used to modulate the surface to achieve synergistic effects from hybrid components. For example, combining MNPs with carbon nanomaterials improves capability of functionalization with target-specific recognition layer and biocompatibility requires for magnetically separating target analyte from complex matrices and enriching sample to achieve rapid detection of trace analyte. The advancements in sensing align with the increasing demand for efficient approaches to address challenges in the field. Much attention has been given to preparing sensors with features, such as a compact and portable design, cost-efficiency, minimum consumption of sample and reagent volumes, a fast analysis approach, and integration with other analytical devices. The above-mentioned features are of particular interest for on-site environmental sensing, such as the detection of toxic substances and allergens from water and food sources. Another aspect of the promising sensing features is to develop point-of-care (POC) devices for personalized health management. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a recent example that highlights the urgency to develop POC devices for health monitoring. Here, we provide a summary of reported studies demonstrating the significant utility of magnetic nanohybrid materials in sensing applications for protein, vitamin, and virus detection.