Abstract
Extensive research is being conducted all over the world to produce fuels from renewable biomass. Biodiesel, a renewable liquid fuel produced from lipid sources, is one of the most attractive among the options explored for alternative energy sources. However, 70-80% of the overall biodiesel production cost is associated with raw materials cost. Municipal sewage sludge is readily available at no cost. It contains various lipids and hence it is a promising raw material for biodiesel production. Lipids can be initially extracted from the sludge. Subsequently, the extracted lipid is converted to biodiesel by esterification and/or transesterification reaction. Biodiesel is also produced by in situ transesterification of dried sludge. This paper reviews the various lipid extraction techniques and biodiesel production processes from municipal wastewater sludge.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1067-1072 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 2011 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Biodiesel
- Esterification
- Free fatty acid (FFA)
- Transesterification
- Wastewater solid sludge
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
