Investigations of switchable non-linear optical response inpyridyl containing porphyrin@Anderson polyoxometalate hybrid by Z-scan measurements

Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are essential components in modern photonics and optical devices due to their ability to generate new frequencies through the nonlinear interaction with intense light. Synthesizing porphyrin-based NLO materials is complex and challenging, requiring specialized techniques to achieve high purity and yield. Controlling chromophore orientation and optimizing nonlinear optical properties are key difficulties that demand interdisciplinary efforts for practical photonics and optical applications. In the present study by using z-scan technique some of non-linear optical (NLO) parameters includingthird order NLO susceptibility (χ³), and molecular second hyperpolarizability (γ) have been determined and compared with already synthesized Anderson containing POMs-porphyrin hybrids to study the effect of substituent, and linker length. The alpha-ADPOM@3Pyshows remarkable NLO response in comparison to that of NTPP@3Py. In comparison with other POMs-porphyrin hybrids it has been proposed that alpha-ADPOM@3Py has lower band gap, shorter linker length, and close proximity than that of others, therefore it shows more delocalization in the porphyrin core and hence remarkable NLO response. The calculated E(CS) charge separated state of alpha-ADPOM@3Py is found to be 0.85 eV which is responsible for facile transfer of electrons from porphyrin moiety to alpha-ADPOM.