Investigation of virtual synchronous generator control parameters for small signal stability at different levels of renewable resource penetration

The increasing integration of renewable resources is transforming a modern power system into one that is entirely reliant on inverter-based resources (IBR). The grid forming (GFM) inverters, especially virtual synchronous generators (VSG), have gained high popularity as they are capable of closely emulating the inherent characteristics of synchronous generators (SG). A detailed sensitivity analysis of the VSG-based GFM inverter under different system conditions has been investigated. The impact on the small signal stability (modal analysis) and time domain active power response due to the variations in inertia coefficient (H) and damping coefficient (D) have been observed. The settling point and damping ratio are both affected by changes in the damping coefficient. The settling time remains the same even when the inertia coefficient changes, although the settling point changes. The impact of changes in H and D parameters in different case studies is analyzed using the DIgSILENT Power Factory simulation platform.