Invariants of third-order ordinary differential equations y^′′′=f(x,y,y′,y^′′) via point transformations

A new systematic method to find the relative invariant differentiation operators is developed. We incorporate this new approach with Lie's infinitesimal method to study the general class y′′′ = f(x, y, y′, y′′) under general point equivalence transformations in the generic case.As a result, all third-order differential invariants, relative and absolute invariant differentiation operators are determined for third-order ODEs y′′′ = f(x, y, y′, y′′), which are not quadratic in the second-order derivative. These relative invariant differentiation operators are used to determine the fourth-order differential invariants and absolute invariant differentiation operators in a degenerate case of interest. As an application, invariant descriptions of all the canonical forms in the complex planewith four infinitesimal symmetries for third-order ODEs y′′′ = f(x, y, y′, y′′), which are not quadratic in the second-order derivative, are provided.