Integrating Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Systems for Enhanced Frequency Regulation in Renewable Microgrids

This paper proposes an optimization strategy for maintaining power quality in a hybrid microgrid power system that combines photovoltaic (PV) panels, battery energy storage systems (BESS) for electric vehicle charging, and a hydrogen storage system. The paper will address the challenges that arise from the variability of solar energy generated by photovoltaic (PV) panels. The main goal is to achieve a stable voltage and frequency. The optimization strategy utilizes power demand forecasting to optimize energy dispatch between PV panels, BESS, and electrolyzer/hydrogen storage. Excess power generated during high solar irradiation and low demand is converted into hydrogen through water electrolysis and stored for later use. During periods of low irradiation or peak demand, the stored hydrogen is used to make up for any deficiency in generation. This study aims to promote the use of renewable energy sources, integrate electric vehicles, and enhance the overall efficiency and sustainability of hybrid microgrid systems.