Inorganic pollutants and their degradation with nanomaterials

Inorganic pollutants (heavy metals) have emerged as one of the most severe environmental issues of present day. Because of their strength and longevity in the environment, inorganic contaminants require special attention. Nanotechnology has resulted in materials with large specific surface areas as well as adsorption capabilities, which can be used to remove unwanted heavy metals. Nanomaterials are at the top of the list of nanotechnology's constantly evolving field, and because of their tiny size or large surface area, NPs have a greater reactivity. The use of nanomaterials (NMs) to remove contaminants from water has gotten a lot of interest recently. Numerous methods for removing heavy metals have been intensively investigated in recent years. This review focuses on current achievements in nanotechnology for heavy metal removal, which include nano-based materials like nanosorbents, nanoscale materials' metal oxides, polymer-based nanosorbents, carbon-based nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) etc. The current chapter is primarily concerned with the synthesis of nanomaterials, their physical and chemical properties, adsorption features and mechanisms, as well as their use in removal of heavy metal.