Industry 5.0 in Smart Education: Concepts, Applications, Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions

Industry 5.0 is one of the emerging stages of industrialization in which humans collaborate with cutting-edge technologies to enhance various workplace processes. The primary objective is to emphasize meeting the needs of people and provide enhanced resilience and understanding of sustainability. Industry 5.0 enables cooperation with such advanced technologies and the stakeholders in the education sector to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the teaching-learning process. The present study provides an exhaustive review of the role of Industry 5.0 in smart education. At the outset, a brief overview of the present scenario in the education sector and its associated challenges is presented. This sets the stage for establishing the need for Education 1.0 and its progressive transition to Education 4.0. Further, the motivation to integrate Industry 5.0 with Education 4.0 and the related enabling technologies that support are discussed. The paper extensively provides a description of the application of Industry 5.0 in various educational sectors namely in medical education, further learning, distance education, engineering education, and shop floor training. The study also presents seven case studies highlighting the successful implementation of Industry 5.0 in versatile sectors and regions. Finally, the challenges of Industry 5.0 in education are discussed pointing to potential future directions of research.