Ignition Delay Times and Chemical Reaction Kinetic Analysis for the Ammonia-Natural Gas Blends

Biao Liu; Mengni Zhou; Zunhua Zhang; Xiaoxiong Mi; Belal Y. Belal; Gesheng Li

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503

Ignition Delay Times and Chemical Reaction Kinetic Analysis for the Ammonia-Natural Gas Blends

Biao Liu
, Mengni Zhou
, Zunhua Zhang^*
, Xiaoxiong Mi
, Belal Y. Belal
, Gesheng Li

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

The combustion characteristics of ammonia-natural gas (NH₃-NG) blends are usually studied using ammonia-methane (NH₃-CH₄) blends. However, the ignition characteristics of NH₃-NG and NH₃-CH₄ are different due to ethane (C₂H₆) and propane (C₃H₈) in NH₃-NG. In the present study, a natural gas fuel model (96.73% CH₄, 2.59% C₂H₆, and 0.68% C₃H₈ in molar fraction) was constructed using the real composition of China natural gas to investigate the ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH₃-NG. The IDTs of pure NH₃, 50% NH₃-50% CH₄, 50% NH₃-50% NG, and pure NG were measured experimentally using a high-pressure shock tube under an ignition pressure (P_i) of 10 bar, ignition temperatures (T_i) ranging from 1450 to 1900 K, and with 95% argon (Ar) dilution. The NUIG mechanism was selected for investigating chemical reaction kinetics. The IDTs for the fuels follow this order: 100% NH₃ > 50% NH₃-50% CH₄ > 50% NH₃-50% NG > 100% NG. At T_i = 1600 and 1800 K, the IDTs for NH₃-NG are 38.4 and 33.3% shorter than NH₃-CH₄, respectively. Adding C₂H₆ and C₃H₈ increases the CH₃ radical mole fraction during the first half of the ignition process (0-0.5 IDTs). During this stage, C₂H₆ participates in the NH₂ → NH₃ transition via reaction C₂H₆ + NH₂ ⇔ C₂H₅ + NH₃ (R11); in the meantime, the C₃H₈ is depleted through the reaction C₃H₈ (+M) ⇔ C₂H₅ + CH₃ (+M) (R9). During the second half of the ignition process (0.5-1.0 IDTs), the differences between NH₃-CH₄ and NH₃-NG become insignificant. C₂H₆ and C₃H₈ mainly affect the first half of the NH₃-NG ignition process, resulting in shortened IDTs.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1373-1382
Number of pages	10
Journal	Energy and Fuels
Volume	38
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503
State	Published - 18 Jan 2024
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 American Chemical Society

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemical Engineering
Fuel Technology
Energy Engineering and Power Technology

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10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503

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@article{9c252c75f3e543f18e9dffbf0080a0e2,

title = "Ignition Delay Times and Chemical Reaction Kinetic Analysis for the Ammonia-Natural Gas Blends",

abstract = "The combustion characteristics of ammonia-natural gas (NH3-NG) blends are usually studied using ammonia-methane (NH3-CH4) blends. However, the ignition characteristics of NH3-NG and NH3-CH4 are different due to ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) in NH3-NG. In the present study, a natural gas fuel model (96.73\% CH4, 2.59\% C2H6, and 0.68\% C3H8 in molar fraction) was constructed using the real composition of China natural gas to investigate the ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH3-NG. The IDTs of pure NH3, 50\% NH3-50\% CH4, 50\% NH3-50\% NG, and pure NG were measured experimentally using a high-pressure shock tube under an ignition pressure (Pi) of 10 bar, ignition temperatures (Ti) ranging from 1450 to 1900 K, and with 95\% argon (Ar) dilution. The NUIG mechanism was selected for investigating chemical reaction kinetics. The IDTs for the fuels follow this order: 100\% NH3 > 50\% NH3-50\% CH4 > 50\% NH3-50\% NG > 100\% NG. At Ti = 1600 and 1800 K, the IDTs for NH3-NG are 38.4 and 33.3\% shorter than NH3-CH4, respectively. Adding C2H6 and C3H8 increases the CH3 radical mole fraction during the first half of the ignition process (0-0.5 IDTs). During this stage, C2H6 participates in the NH2 → NH3 transition via reaction C2H6 + NH2 ⇔ C2H5 + NH3 (R11); in the meantime, the C3H8 is depleted through the reaction C3H8 (+M) ⇔ C2H5 + CH3 (+M) (R9). During the second half of the ignition process (0.5-1.0 IDTs), the differences between NH3-CH4 and NH3-NG become insignificant. C2H6 and C3H8 mainly affect the first half of the NH3-NG ignition process, resulting in shortened IDTs.",

author = "Biao Liu and Mengni Zhou and Zunhua Zhang and Xiaoxiong Mi and Belal, \{Belal Y.\} and Gesheng Li",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 American Chemical Society",

year = "2024",

month = jan,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503",

language = "English",

volume = "38",

pages = "1373--1382",

journal = "Energy and Fuels",

issn = "0887-0624",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Ignition Delay Times and Chemical Reaction Kinetic Analysis for the Ammonia-Natural Gas Blends

AU - Liu, Biao

AU - Zhou, Mengni

AU - Zhang, Zunhua

AU - Mi, Xiaoxiong

AU - Belal, Belal Y.

AU - Li, Gesheng

PY - 2024/1/18

Y1 - 2024/1/18

N2 - The combustion characteristics of ammonia-natural gas (NH3-NG) blends are usually studied using ammonia-methane (NH3-CH4) blends. However, the ignition characteristics of NH3-NG and NH3-CH4 are different due to ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) in NH3-NG. In the present study, a natural gas fuel model (96.73% CH4, 2.59% C2H6, and 0.68% C3H8 in molar fraction) was constructed using the real composition of China natural gas to investigate the ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH3-NG. The IDTs of pure NH3, 50% NH3-50% CH4, 50% NH3-50% NG, and pure NG were measured experimentally using a high-pressure shock tube under an ignition pressure (Pi) of 10 bar, ignition temperatures (Ti) ranging from 1450 to 1900 K, and with 95% argon (Ar) dilution. The NUIG mechanism was selected for investigating chemical reaction kinetics. The IDTs for the fuels follow this order: 100% NH3 > 50% NH3-50% CH4 > 50% NH3-50% NG > 100% NG. At Ti = 1600 and 1800 K, the IDTs for NH3-NG are 38.4 and 33.3% shorter than NH3-CH4, respectively. Adding C2H6 and C3H8 increases the CH3 radical mole fraction during the first half of the ignition process (0-0.5 IDTs). During this stage, C2H6 participates in the NH2 → NH3 transition via reaction C2H6 + NH2 ⇔ C2H5 + NH3 (R11); in the meantime, the C3H8 is depleted through the reaction C3H8 (+M) ⇔ C2H5 + CH3 (+M) (R9). During the second half of the ignition process (0.5-1.0 IDTs), the differences between NH3-CH4 and NH3-NG become insignificant. C2H6 and C3H8 mainly affect the first half of the NH3-NG ignition process, resulting in shortened IDTs.

AB - The combustion characteristics of ammonia-natural gas (NH3-NG) blends are usually studied using ammonia-methane (NH3-CH4) blends. However, the ignition characteristics of NH3-NG and NH3-CH4 are different due to ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) in NH3-NG. In the present study, a natural gas fuel model (96.73% CH4, 2.59% C2H6, and 0.68% C3H8 in molar fraction) was constructed using the real composition of China natural gas to investigate the ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH3-NG. The IDTs of pure NH3, 50% NH3-50% CH4, 50% NH3-50% NG, and pure NG were measured experimentally using a high-pressure shock tube under an ignition pressure (Pi) of 10 bar, ignition temperatures (Ti) ranging from 1450 to 1900 K, and with 95% argon (Ar) dilution. The NUIG mechanism was selected for investigating chemical reaction kinetics. The IDTs for the fuels follow this order: 100% NH3 > 50% NH3-50% CH4 > 50% NH3-50% NG > 100% NG. At Ti = 1600 and 1800 K, the IDTs for NH3-NG are 38.4 and 33.3% shorter than NH3-CH4, respectively. Adding C2H6 and C3H8 increases the CH3 radical mole fraction during the first half of the ignition process (0-0.5 IDTs). During this stage, C2H6 participates in the NH2 → NH3 transition via reaction C2H6 + NH2 ⇔ C2H5 + NH3 (R11); in the meantime, the C3H8 is depleted through the reaction C3H8 (+M) ⇔ C2H5 + CH3 (+M) (R9). During the second half of the ignition process (0.5-1.0 IDTs), the differences between NH3-CH4 and NH3-NG become insignificant. C2H6 and C3H8 mainly affect the first half of the NH3-NG ignition process, resulting in shortened IDTs.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85182003874

U2 - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503

DO - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c03503

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85182003874

SN - 0887-0624

VL - 38

SP - 1373

EP - 1382

JO - Energy and Fuels

JF - Energy and Fuels

IS - 2

ER -

Ignition Delay Times and Chemical Reaction Kinetic Analysis for the Ammonia-Natural Gas Blends

Abstract

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