Hydrogen Mobility toward Affordable and Clean Energy Production in Gas Turbines: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives

The transition to sustainable energy systems requires the exploration of alternative fuels with low carbon footprints, with hydrogen emerging as a promising candidate for clean combustion. Gas turbines offer a versatile platform for integrating hydrogen as fuel. This review comprehensively assesses the feasibility and challenges associated with hydrogen mobility in gas turbines for affordable and clean energy production. Advancements in gas turbine technology required to accommodate hydrogen combustion, including modifications in combustion chambers, fuel injection systems, and turbine materials, are well analyzed. Recent efforts and state-of-the-art products by the world’s leading companies in the field of hydrogen gas turbines are well presented. Barriers and challenges of hydrogen-fueled gas turbines, including higher water content, hydrogen leak, flame flashback, and high flame temperature, are well addressed. The key research gaps and perspectives to enable the widespread adoption of hydrogen gas turbines for sustainable energy production are well highlighted.