Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC 6) inhibition by mangrove-derived fat and fatty acids

Mangroves are rich in various phytochemicals, including fatty acids. This study investigated the effects of fat extracted from Avicennia marina leaves and a selected group of fatty acids from mangrove ecosystems, including those derived from both mangrove flora and fauna, on the inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC 6). HDAC 6 is a key epigenetic enzyme. Irregularities in its expression and activity are linked to a number of human diseases. Fat extracted demonstrated significant HDAC 6 inhibitory effects. The fatty acids tested showed inhibitory effects on HDAC 6 activity in the order of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) > heptadecanoic acid > α-linoleic acid > oleic acid > oleamide (an amide derived from oleic acid) > myristic acid. In silico analysis revealed that these fatty acids make hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with key residues in the catalytic domain of HDAC 6. This research supports the potential use of mangrove-derived fat as HDAC 6 inhibitors.