Heatline visualization of natural convection in a trapezoidal cavity partly filled with nanofluid porous layer and partly with non-Newtonian fluid layer

The problem of natural convection in a trapezoidal cavity partly filled with nanofluid porous layer and partly with non-Newtonian fluid layer is visualized by heatline. Water-based nanofluids with silver or copper or alumina or titania nanoparticles are chosen for investigation. The governing equations are solved numerically using the Finite Volume Method (FVM) over a wide range of Rayleigh number (Ra = 10(5) and 10(6)), Darcy number (10(-5) <= Da <= 10(-1)), nanoparticle volume fraction (0 <= phi <= 0.2), power-law index (0.6 <= 6 n <= 1.4), porous layer thickness (0.3 <= S <= 0.7), the side wall inclination angle (0 degrees <= phi < 21.8 degrees) and the inclination angle of the cavity (0 degrees <= omega <= 90 degrees). Explanation for the influence of various above mentioned parameters on streamlines, isotherms and overall heat transfer is provided on the basis of thermal conductivities of nanoparticles, water and porous medium. It is shown that