Groundwater level prediction using machine learning models: A comprehensive review

Hai Tao, Mohammed Majeed Hameed, Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon, Mohammad Zounemat-Kermani, Salim Heddam, Kim Sungwon, Sadeq Oleiwi Sulaiman, Mou Leong Tan, Zulfaqar Sa'adi, Ali Danandeh Mehr, Mohammed Falah Allawi, S. I. Abba, Jasni Mohamad Zain, Mayadah W. Falah, Mehdi Jamei, Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde, Maryam Bayatvarkeshi, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar, Suraj Kumar Bhagat, Tiyasha TiyashaKhaled Mohamed Khedher, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Shamsuddin Shahid, Zaher Mundher Yaseen*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalShort surveypeer-review

158 Scopus citations

Abstract

Developing accurate soft computing methods for groundwater level (GWL) forecasting is essential for enhancing the planning and management of water resources. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in GWL prediction using machine learning (ML) models. Several review articles have been published, reporting the advances in this field up to 2018. However, the existing review articles do not cover several aspects of GWL simulations using ML, which are significant for scientists and practitioners working in hydrology and water resource management. The current review article aims to provide a clear understanding of the state-of-the-art ML models implemented for GWL modeling and the milestones achieved in this domain. The review includes all of the types of ML models employed for GWL modeling from 2008 to 2020 (138 articles) and summarizes the details of the reviewed papers, including the types of models, data span, time scale, input and output parameters, performance criteria used, and the best models identified. Furthermore, recommendations for possible future research directions to improve the accuracy of GWL prediction models and enhance the related knowledge are outlined.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)271-308
Number of pages38
JournalNeurocomputing
Volume489
DOIs
StatePublished - 7 Jun 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors

Keywords

  • Catchment sustainability
  • Groundwater level
  • Input parameters
  • Machine learning
  • Prediction performance
  • State-of-the-art

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Computer Science Applications
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Artificial Intelligence

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