Geoheritage and Geotourism Potential of Tuwaiq Mountain, Saudi Arabia

Exploring new geosites and geoheritage opens opportunities for geotourism. One of the geomorphic features in central Saudi Arabia is the Tuwaiq Mountain, extending from the southern margin of the Nafud Sand Sea to the northwest margin of Rub' al Khali sand sea. Appraisal study in the Tuwaiq Mountain reveals the various geological and geomorphological features like Escarpment, mesa, butte, pinnacle, wadi network, and fossil. The majestic view of the Escarpment comprises the cliff, talus, and a birds-eye view of the wadi (fluvial valley), one of the prime viewpoints. Initially, cuesta was formed due to the tectonic movement associated with the opening of the Red Sea. Tectonic landforms like faults are continuously eroded and form the scarp. Gulley network indicates the dominance of a fluvial environment that later transformed into an aeolian environment. Therefore, the landforms’ evolution and geomorphic processes in different geological periods enhance this place’s geoheritage value. The Jurassic fossils remain in this area and are a unique geological attraction. Numerous dried-up gully networks are another viewpoint of the Tuwaiq Mountain, which is essential for biodiversity. Each potential tourist attraction is described in the context of protection, policy development, and enhanced additional attractions for geotourism development.