Frequency domain soft-constraint multimodulus blind equalization for uplink SC-FDMA

Single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) has been adopted and employed as the standard in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) uplink multiple-access scheme. It offers comparable performance and complexity to orthogonal frequency multiple access scheme (OFDMA) with a lower peak to average power ratio (PAPR) offering power-efficient transmission and longer battery life to mobile terminals. However, due to its single-carrier nature, SC-FDMA performance degrades in channels with long impulse responses and becomes prohibitive to equalize when implemented in time domain (TD). Furthermore, of the seven SC-FDMA symbols in the LTE uplink slot, one full symbol is used for channel estimation leading to about 14 % throughput degradation. In this work, a novel frequency domain soft-constraint satisfaction multimodulus blind algorithm (FDSCS-MMA) is developed and proposed. The frequency domain approach results in computational complexity reduction while blind implementation ensured improved spectral efficiency and throughput. The algorithm convergence is further improved by normalization of each of the frequency bin in the weight update. Simulation results show superior performance of the developed algorithm over other blind algorithms.