Experimental investigation of industrial hybrid nanofluids in heat exchangers

Nanofluids have shown substantial improvements in heat and mass transfer applications as a result of their enhanced thermophysical characteristics. Due to the colloidal suspension form of the nanofluids, even at lower concentrations (<1vol.%) of nanoparticles, there was a notable enhancement in thermophysical parameters. Most studies emphasize the importance of nanoparticle stability in its colloidal solution. Furthermore, the field of nanofluids has broadened to encompass the use of various nanoparticles, either in the form of composites or by directly incorporating different types of nanoparticles into an existing nanofluid. Multiple nanoparticles can be utilized to create a variety of hybrid nanofluid combinations, which exhibit a wide range of distinct and extended characteristics. The properties of hybrid nanofluids are thought to be more significant than those of monochromatic nanofluids due to the synergistic influence of the nanoparticles. The importance of the nanofluid preparation approach has been highlighted in several publications. Industrial heat exchangers are utilized to facilitate the transfer of heat between two distinct mediums without any direct interaction with the fluid. This chapter explored the utilization of hybrid nanofluids in heat exchangers. In addition, the study investigated how the concentration of nanofluids, temperature, and Reynolds number affect the performance of heat exchangers.