Evaluation of silicone rubber insulators used in high-voltage transmission lines

Three long-rod silicone rubber composite insulators used in 230 kV power transmission lines were evaluated for aging affects. The insulators were obtained from various outdoor desert locations within Saudi Arabia where they had been in service for 6 years. Surface degradation associated with the aging process was analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA). Electrical performance of insulators was evaluated by Rapid Flashover Voltage Tests (RFVT) and Pollution Severity Measurement Tests. Depending on their locations of service, the samples exhibited various types of pollutants at their surfaces. The analysis indicated that the insulator material showed localized surface degradation while there was no evidence of micro-cracking. Furthermore, it was noted that the electrical performance of the insulators was not significantly affected by exposure during the in-service period.