Ethylation of benzene: Effect of zeolite acidity and structure

T. Odedairo; S. Al-Khattaf

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.06.041

Ethylation of benzene: Effect of zeolite acidity and structure

T. Odedairo
, S. Al-Khattaf^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

Zeolite catalysts based on ZSM-5, TNU-9, SSZ-33 and mordenite were prepared and characterized. The catalytic performance of these zeolites containing channels of different sizes has been studied in benzene ethylation with ethanol at three different reaction temperatures (250, 275 and 300 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 and 20 s. In the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol, SSZ-33 catalyst comprising 12-12-10-ring channels gave the highest benzene conversion, which is the result of high acidity of this zeolite together with increased mass transport through large pores. The conversion of benzene in the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol over the different zeolite catalysts follows the order: SSZ-33 > TNU-9 > ZSM-5 > mordenite. TNU-9 catalyst behaves like the 10-ring ZSM-5 with respect to ethylbenzene selectivity, while the behavior of SSZ-33 is close to that of a large pore zeolite with potential cage effects. EB selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > SSZ-33 > mordenite, which implies that this order is not directly related to the benzene conversion. In addition, a simplified kinetic model based on reactant-converted deactivation model was developed for the reaction and compared with the obtained experimental data.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	31-45
Number of pages	15
Journal	Applied Catalysis A: General
Volume	385
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2010.06.041
State	Published - 15 Sep 2010

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining & Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). The authors thank J. Cejka and M. Kubu (Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic) for providing zeolites TNU-9 and SSZ-33 and their characterization.

Keywords

Benzene ethylation
Ethylbenzene
Kinetic modeling
Zeolites

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Catalysis
Process Chemistry and Technology

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10.1016/j.apcata.2010.06.041

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@article{e9ad50bfd0a44895a0484f1184ed1f58,

title = "Ethylation of benzene: Effect of zeolite acidity and structure",

abstract = "Zeolite catalysts based on ZSM-5, TNU-9, SSZ-33 and mordenite were prepared and characterized. The catalytic performance of these zeolites containing channels of different sizes has been studied in benzene ethylation with ethanol at three different reaction temperatures (250, 275 and 300 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 and 20 s. In the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol, SSZ-33 catalyst comprising 12-12-10-ring channels gave the highest benzene conversion, which is the result of high acidity of this zeolite together with increased mass transport through large pores. The conversion of benzene in the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol over the different zeolite catalysts follows the order: SSZ-33 > TNU-9 > ZSM-5 > mordenite. TNU-9 catalyst behaves like the 10-ring ZSM-5 with respect to ethylbenzene selectivity, while the behavior of SSZ-33 is close to that of a large pore zeolite with potential cage effects. EB selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > SSZ-33 > mordenite, which implies that this order is not directly related to the benzene conversion. In addition, a simplified kinetic model based on reactant-converted deactivation model was developed for the reaction and compared with the obtained experimental data.",

keywords = "Benzene ethylation, Ethylbenzene, Kinetic modeling, Zeolites",

author = "T. Odedairo and S. Al-Khattaf",

note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining \& Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). The authors thank J. Cejka and M. Kubu (Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic) for providing zeolites TNU-9 and SSZ-33 and their characterization. ",

year = "2010",

month = sep,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.apcata.2010.06.041",

language = "English",

volume = "385",

pages = "31--45",

journal = "Applied Catalysis A: General",

issn = "0926-860X",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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T1 - Ethylation of benzene

T2 - Effect of zeolite acidity and structure

AU - Odedairo, T.

AU - Al-Khattaf, S.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining & Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). The authors thank J. Cejka and M. Kubu (Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic) for providing zeolites TNU-9 and SSZ-33 and their characterization.

PY - 2010/9/15

Y1 - 2010/9/15

N2 - Zeolite catalysts based on ZSM-5, TNU-9, SSZ-33 and mordenite were prepared and characterized. The catalytic performance of these zeolites containing channels of different sizes has been studied in benzene ethylation with ethanol at three different reaction temperatures (250, 275 and 300 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 and 20 s. In the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol, SSZ-33 catalyst comprising 12-12-10-ring channels gave the highest benzene conversion, which is the result of high acidity of this zeolite together with increased mass transport through large pores. The conversion of benzene in the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol over the different zeolite catalysts follows the order: SSZ-33 > TNU-9 > ZSM-5 > mordenite. TNU-9 catalyst behaves like the 10-ring ZSM-5 with respect to ethylbenzene selectivity, while the behavior of SSZ-33 is close to that of a large pore zeolite with potential cage effects. EB selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > SSZ-33 > mordenite, which implies that this order is not directly related to the benzene conversion. In addition, a simplified kinetic model based on reactant-converted deactivation model was developed for the reaction and compared with the obtained experimental data.

AB - Zeolite catalysts based on ZSM-5, TNU-9, SSZ-33 and mordenite were prepared and characterized. The catalytic performance of these zeolites containing channels of different sizes has been studied in benzene ethylation with ethanol at three different reaction temperatures (250, 275 and 300 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 and 20 s. In the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol, SSZ-33 catalyst comprising 12-12-10-ring channels gave the highest benzene conversion, which is the result of high acidity of this zeolite together with increased mass transport through large pores. The conversion of benzene in the ethylation reaction of benzene with ethanol over the different zeolite catalysts follows the order: SSZ-33 > TNU-9 > ZSM-5 > mordenite. TNU-9 catalyst behaves like the 10-ring ZSM-5 with respect to ethylbenzene selectivity, while the behavior of SSZ-33 is close to that of a large pore zeolite with potential cage effects. EB selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > SSZ-33 > mordenite, which implies that this order is not directly related to the benzene conversion. In addition, a simplified kinetic model based on reactant-converted deactivation model was developed for the reaction and compared with the obtained experimental data.

KW - Benzene ethylation

KW - Ethylbenzene

KW - Kinetic modeling

KW - Zeolites

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DO - 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.06.041

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77956375376

SN - 0926-860X

VL - 385

SP - 31

EP - 45

JO - Applied Catalysis A: General

JF - Applied Catalysis A: General

IS - 1-2

ER -

Ethylation of benzene: Effect of zeolite acidity and structure

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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