Entropy effect on unsteady Casson hybrid nanofluid flow on the slanted Riga wedge under electro-osmotic force

Numerous interdisciplinary applications of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are described in heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, cooling processes, energy boosting, energy sectors, automotive thermal systems and other areas, based on the improved thermal performance of hybrid nanomaterials. This paper presents the time-dependent motion of a Casson hybrid nanoliquid over an inclined Riga wedge, considering entropy generation, activation energy, viscous dissipation, nonlinear thermal radiation and mixed convection effects. The numerous applications of non-Newtonian fluids, variable thermal conductivity, electro-osmotic forces, slip and convective boundary conditions in engineering and industry make this noteworthy. The Nusselt number (heat transfer rate), streamlines, velocity profiles, temperature distributions, nanoparticle concentrations, skin friction (shear stress), and a boundary value problem-fourth-order method (bvp4c) are all revealed using graphs and tables, as the complex mathematical model is solved. Understanding the crucial roles of permeability and viscosity in regulating fluid flow characteristics is necessary to comprehend the system’s behaviour. The main question is whether electro-osmosis results in a reduction of fluid velocity while increasing the fluid temperature. The fluid becomes denser, the velocity drops and the effective viscosity increases with an increasing volume percentage of the nanomaterials and variable thermal conductivity. The evolution of the nonlinear mixed convection, unsteady parameter and slip parameter improves the fluid velocity while declining the porosity parameter. The concentration profile is enhanced by the activation energy effect and concentration connective parameter, while the Schmidt number and the time dependent parameter reduce it.