Energy Reduction in Building Energy Management Systems Using the Internet of Things: Systematic Literature Review

Buildings are the most energy-intensive in cities, where they are designed to meet the needs of employees, customers and machines. The energy consumption of these buildings varies throughout the day. Their highest energy consumption is often during working hours, when employees and customers consume more energy in the building. Consumption is reduced at times when no one is in the building. However, it is difficult to manually disconnect power from the machines and air conditioning. Energy consumption is a major cause of pollution. It can affect and damage the environment, impacting society as a whole. As a result, we need to find ways to reduce energy consumption, and one way to do this is to shift to systems that are automatically managed, without any inter-human or human-to-machine interaction. Energy consumption can be decreased through the use of building energy management systems (BEMS) and the Internet of Things (IoT). BEMS plays an important role in improving efficiency, economics, reliability and energy conservation for distribution systems. IoT is a concept employed in the functioning of everyday objects, from industrial machines to wearable devices, using builtin sensors to collect data. Data is recorded via the Internet, and sensors are used to perform tasks such as automatically adjusting heat and lighting, or alerting service personnel in case of emergency failure. IoT is the future of technology, and will make our lives more efficient in all sectors. Our contribution in this research paper is to review various methods that use the Internet of Things to reduce building energy consumption by comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods and proposed plans. This will give us a comprehensive view of how IoT can be implemented in an efficient way.