Energy performance of integrated adaptive envelope systems for residential buildings

In this paper, the energy performance of an integrated adaptive envelope system (AES) is evaluated when applied to detached houses in four US climates. Three main technologies are part of the AES including cool roofs, movable PV-integrated shading devices (MPVISDs), and switchable insulation systems (SISs). For this study, the AES is operated to minimize annual heating and cooling energy uses. The analysis results clearly indicate that the integrated AES have high potential for cooling energy savings for residential buildings. Specifically, MPVISDs offer the highest contribution followed by attic and walls integrated SISs. Overall, the integrated AES allows on-site electricity generation and offers savings between 234 kWh/yr and 949 kWh/yr in cooling energy depending on the US climate. The deployment of AES alone allows US homes to almost reach net-zero energy designs especially in mild and hot climates.