Electrochemical synergy and future prospects: Advancements and challenges in MXene and MOFs composites for hybrid supercapacitors

In the evolving landscape of energy storage technologies, hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) are gaining unprecedented attention, primarily due to their enhanced performance attributes. Central to this advancement are MXenes and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) composites, whose integration heralds a new chapter in the efficiency and efficacy of HSCs. This review delves into synthesizing these composites, spotlighting their role as innovative electrode materials in HSCs. We elucidate the unique contributions of MXenes, characterized by their high electrical conductivity and large surface area, and MOFs, known for their expansive specific surface areas and active sites. The fusion of these materials engenders composites with elevated surface areas and increased active sites, culminating in heightened electrochemical performance. Our investigation encompasses the latest advancements in MXene@MOF composites, focusing on their application in HSCs. We unravel their diverse applications in various sectors, thereby underscoring their potential to redefine energy storage norms. Additionally, we address the challenges impeding their broader application, including scalability, durability, cost, environmental sustainability, and safety. In doing so, we chart a course for future research aimed at harnessing the full potential of these composites. This review aims to serve as a foundational guide, encouraging further exploration and innovation in MXene@MOF composites, particularly in their application within HSCs. We underscore their pivotal role in crafting high-performance, economically viable, and environmentally benign alternatives to traditional battery technologies, marking a stride towards a future of advanced energy storage solutions.