Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station Location and Capacity Planning Model Using Butterfly Optimization Algorithm

Carbon emissions from the transportation network surpass those from other energy sectors. Thus, electric vehicles (EVs) have gained extensive awareness in society as this can scale down greenhouse gas emissions. Putting charging stations in a growing charging infrastructure network is important for EVs to work and be easy to get. The location and size of fast- charging stations (FCS) are crucial for the distribution network. This article concerns where and how big FCS should be in the electrical network. Therefore, the cost of electric energy loss in the electrical network and the cost of transportation energy loss for charging the battery are considered as decision factors to find the best place and capacity for the FCSs. Also, PV power integration is encouraged for the best placement and capacity of FCSs to decrease the need for the grid to handle more charging. A meta-heuristic butterfly optimization technique is suggested to obtain the optimal results of charging infrastructure. The given IEEE-34 electrical network is chosen to demonstrate the optimal location with the capacity of charging stations. In addition, active power demand from the power grid and voltage profile of the electrical network are also analysed after the integration of EV charging and PV sources.