Effective Disposal of Methylene Blue and Bactericidal Benefits of Using GO-Doped MnO₂Nanorods Synthesized through One-Pot Synthesis

Graphene oxide (GO)-doped MnO₂nanorods loaded with 2, 4, and 6% GO were synthesized via the chemical precipitation route at room temperature. The aim of this work was to determine the catalytic and bactericidal activities of prepared nanocomposites. Structural, optical, and morphological properties as well as elemental composition of samples were investigated with advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-visible (vis) spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). XRD measurements confirmed the monoclinic structure of MnO₂. Vibrational mode and rotational mode of functional groups (O-H, C═C, C-O, and Mn-O) were evaluated using FTIR results. Band gap energy and blueshift in the absorption spectra of MnO₂and GO-doped MnO₂were identified with UV-vis spectroscopy. Emission spectra were attained using PL spectroscopy, whereas elemental composition of prepared materials was recorded with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-EDS. Moreover, HR-TEM micrographs of doped and undoped MnO₂revealed elongated nanorod-like structure. Efficient degradation of methylene blue enhanced the catalytic activity in the presence of a reducing agent (NaBH₄); this was attributed to the implantation of GO on MnO₂nanorods. Furthermore, substantial inhibition areas were measured forEscherichia coli(EC) ranging 2.10-2.85 mm and 2.50-3.15 mm at decreased and increased levels for doped MnO₂nanorods and 3.05-4.25 mm and 4.20-5.15 mm for both attentions against SA, respectively. In silico molecular docking studies suggested the inhibition of FabH and DNA gyrase ofE. coliandStaphylococcus aureusas a possible mechanism behind the bactericidal activity of MnO₂and MnO₂-doped GO nanoparticles (NPs).