Disproportionation and methylation of toluene with methanol over zeolite catalysts

A. Baduraig; T. Odedairo; S. Al-Khattaf

doi:10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6

Disproportionation and methylation of toluene with methanol over zeolite catalysts

A. Baduraig
, T. Odedairo
, S. Al-Khattaf^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

Zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, mordenite (MOR) and ZSM-5 were evaluated for their activities in toluene disproportionation and methylation reaction of toluene with methanol. The medium-pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with SSZ-33, mordenite and ZSM-5 based catalyst. Zeolite mordenite with the highest Si/Al ratio of 135.9 (the lowest concentration of active sites) exhibited the highest toluene conversion and maximum xylene yield in toluene methylation. On mordenite, the presence of channel intersections allows more reaction space for the formation of bulky intermediates and/or products and the 12-ring channels on the other hand, allow diffusion without trapping, since the channel diameter is large enough. In toluene methylation, xylene selectivity at the same conversion level follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR > SSZ-33, which implies that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. The medium-pore zeolite ZSM-5, with 10-ring channels, shows the lowest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene, while mordenite with 12-ring channel shows the highest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1446-1456
Number of pages	11
Journal	Topics in Catalysis
Volume	53
Issue number	19-20
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6
State	Published - Dec 2010

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining & Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). Special thanks are due to Prof. Hideshi Hattori (Japan) and Mr. Mariano Gica for their invaluable assistance and suggestions.

Keywords

Disproportionation
Methylation
Mordenite
SSZ-33
TNU-9
Toluene
ZSM-5

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Catalysis
General Chemistry

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10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6

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@article{d76432a59a8c45d7836a8089c1ffb91b,

title = "Disproportionation and methylation of toluene with methanol over zeolite catalysts",

abstract = "Zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, mordenite (MOR) and ZSM-5 were evaluated for their activities in toluene disproportionation and methylation reaction of toluene with methanol. The medium-pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with SSZ-33, mordenite and ZSM-5 based catalyst. Zeolite mordenite with the highest Si/Al ratio of 135.9 (the lowest concentration of active sites) exhibited the highest toluene conversion and maximum xylene yield in toluene methylation. On mordenite, the presence of channel intersections allows more reaction space for the formation of bulky intermediates and/or products and the 12-ring channels on the other hand, allow diffusion without trapping, since the channel diameter is large enough. In toluene methylation, xylene selectivity at the same conversion level follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR > SSZ-33, which implies that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. The medium-pore zeolite ZSM-5, with 10-ring channels, shows the lowest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene, while mordenite with 12-ring channel shows the highest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene.",

keywords = "Disproportionation, Methylation, Mordenite, SSZ-33, TNU-9, Toluene, ZSM-5",

author = "A. Baduraig and T. Odedairo and S. Al-Khattaf",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining \& Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). Special thanks are due to Prof. Hideshi Hattori (Japan) and Mr. Mariano Gica for their invaluable assistance and suggestions.",

year = "2010",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6",

language = "English",

volume = "53",

pages = "1446--1456",

journal = "Topics in Catalysis",

issn = "1022-5528",

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number = "19-20",

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T1 - Disproportionation and methylation of toluene with methanol over zeolite catalysts

AU - Baduraig, A.

AU - Odedairo, T.

AU - Al-Khattaf, S.

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology for this research under the Refining & Petrochemicals Program of the National Science and Technology Plan (NSTP) for the year 2009 (09-PETE86-4). We are grateful for the support from Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia for the establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). Special thanks are due to Prof. Hideshi Hattori (Japan) and Mr. Mariano Gica for their invaluable assistance and suggestions.

PY - 2010/12

Y1 - 2010/12

N2 - Zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, mordenite (MOR) and ZSM-5 were evaluated for their activities in toluene disproportionation and methylation reaction of toluene with methanol. The medium-pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with SSZ-33, mordenite and ZSM-5 based catalyst. Zeolite mordenite with the highest Si/Al ratio of 135.9 (the lowest concentration of active sites) exhibited the highest toluene conversion and maximum xylene yield in toluene methylation. On mordenite, the presence of channel intersections allows more reaction space for the formation of bulky intermediates and/or products and the 12-ring channels on the other hand, allow diffusion without trapping, since the channel diameter is large enough. In toluene methylation, xylene selectivity at the same conversion level follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR > SSZ-33, which implies that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. The medium-pore zeolite ZSM-5, with 10-ring channels, shows the lowest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene, while mordenite with 12-ring channel shows the highest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene.

AB - Zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, mordenite (MOR) and ZSM-5 were evaluated for their activities in toluene disproportionation and methylation reaction of toluene with methanol. The medium-pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with SSZ-33, mordenite and ZSM-5 based catalyst. Zeolite mordenite with the highest Si/Al ratio of 135.9 (the lowest concentration of active sites) exhibited the highest toluene conversion and maximum xylene yield in toluene methylation. On mordenite, the presence of channel intersections allows more reaction space for the formation of bulky intermediates and/or products and the 12-ring channels on the other hand, allow diffusion without trapping, since the channel diameter is large enough. In toluene methylation, xylene selectivity at the same conversion level follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR > SSZ-33, which implies that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. The medium-pore zeolite ZSM-5, with 10-ring channels, shows the lowest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene, while mordenite with 12-ring channel shows the highest reactivity for further alkylation of xylene.

KW - Disproportionation

KW - Methylation

KW - Mordenite

KW - SSZ-33

KW - TNU-9

KW - Toluene

KW - ZSM-5

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/78651064513

U2 - 10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6

DO - 10.1007/s11244-010-9605-6

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:78651064513

SN - 1022-5528

VL - 53

SP - 1446

EP - 1456

JO - Topics in Catalysis

JF - Topics in Catalysis

IS - 19-20

ER -

Disproportionation and methylation of toluene with methanol over zeolite catalysts

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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