Direct optical imaging of graphene in vitro by nonlinear femtosecond laser spectral reshaping

Baolei Li, Yingwen Cheng, Jie Liu, Congwen Yi, April S. Brown, Hsiangkuo Yuan, Tuan Vo-Dinh, Martin C. Fischer, Warren S. Warren*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nonlinear optical microscopy, based on femtosecond laser spectral reshaping, characterized and imaged graphene samples made from different methods, both on slides and in a biological environment. This technique clearly discriminates between graphene flakes with different numbers of layers and reveals the distinct nonlinear optical properties of reduced graphene oxide as compared to mechanically exfoliated or chemical vapor deposition grown graphene. The nonlinearity makes it applicable to scattering samples (such as tissue) as opposed to previous methods, such as transmission. This was demonstrated by high-resolution imaging of breast cancer cells incubated with graphene flakes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)5936-5940
Number of pages5
JournalNano Letters
Volume12
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - 14 Nov 2012
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Graphene
  • graphene layer counting
  • nonlinear microscopy
  • optical pulse shaping

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Bioengineering
  • General Chemistry
  • General Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Mechanical Engineering

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