Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis

Khaled Ziada; Hassan Alkhawam; Haidar Hajeh; Malak Modi; Tarek Helmy

doi:10.1007/s11886-025-02191-1

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis

Khaled Ziada
, Hassan Alkhawam
, Haidar Hajeh
, Malak Modi
, Tarek Helmy^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose of Review: What is the pathophysiology and clinical findings as well as management of patients presenting with INOCA/MINOCA (Ischemia/Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries). Recent Findings: INOCA/MINOCA has a complex pathophysiology. Summary: In this review article, we aim to summarize the complex pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis, and review the current management options.

Original language	English
Article number	43
Journal	Current Cardiology Reports
Volume	27
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02191-1
State	Published - Dec 2025
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords

Coronary functional assessment
Coronary microvascular dysfunction
Coronary vasospasm
INOCA
MINOCA
SCAD

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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10.1007/s11886-025-02191-1

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title = "Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis",

abstract = "Purpose of Review: What is the pathophysiology and clinical findings as well as management of patients presenting with INOCA/MINOCA (Ischemia/Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries). Recent Findings: INOCA/MINOCA has a complex pathophysiology. Summary: In this review article, we aim to summarize the complex pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis, and review the current management options.",

keywords = "Coronary functional assessment, Coronary microvascular dysfunction, Coronary vasospasm, INOCA, MINOCA, SCAD",

author = "Khaled Ziada and Hassan Alkhawam and Haidar Hajeh and Malak Modi and Tarek Helmy",

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doi = "10.1007/s11886-025-02191-1",

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AU - Ziada, Khaled

AU - Alkhawam, Hassan

AU - Hajeh, Haidar

AU - Modi, Malak

AU - Helmy, Tarek

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Purpose of Review: What is the pathophysiology and clinical findings as well as management of patients presenting with INOCA/MINOCA (Ischemia/Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries). Recent Findings: INOCA/MINOCA has a complex pathophysiology. Summary: In this review article, we aim to summarize the complex pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis, and review the current management options.

AB - Purpose of Review: What is the pathophysiology and clinical findings as well as management of patients presenting with INOCA/MINOCA (Ischemia/Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries). Recent Findings: INOCA/MINOCA has a complex pathophysiology. Summary: In this review article, we aim to summarize the complex pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis, and review the current management options.

KW - Coronary functional assessment

KW - Coronary microvascular dysfunction

KW - Coronary vasospasm

KW - INOCA

KW - MINOCA

KW - SCAD

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85217429659

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DO - 10.1007/s11886-025-02191-1

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AN - SCOPUS:85217429659

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VL - 27

JO - Current Cardiology Reports

JF - Current Cardiology Reports

IS - 1

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ER -

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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