Development of Mardin Stone-Based Shape-Stabilized phase change material concretes for sustainable thermal energy storage in buildings

Heat-based energy storage systems play a vital role in optimizing energy management in buildings by efficiently storing excess thermal energy and releasing it when needed, thereby reducing energy consumption and enhancing sustainability. Among thermal energy storage methods, phase change material (PCM) applications are at the forefront, offering energy absorption and release capabilities through building envelopes. With its natural porosity and thermal stability, Mardin stone is a sustainable and energy-efficient base material for composite applications, enhancing heat storage capacity and promoting eco-friendly construction solutions. This study presents an innovative approach by integrating shape-stabilized PCM (SSPCM) into concrete, utilizing a novel combination of natural and sustainable materials for energy-efficient building systems. By combining Mardin stone (MS) with Lauryl alcohol (LAOH), the composite was tested in various ratios (25–100 wt%) to evaluate its thermal, physical, and mechanical properties. The MS/LAOH composite exhibited a melting temperature of 19.95 °C, reduced thermal conductivity by 13.19 %, and decreased compressive strength by 6.1 MPa. Thermoregulation tests demonstrated up to a 1.81 °C reduction in daytime room center temperatures and a 0.93 °C increase in nighttime temperatures. Furthermore, integrating MS/LAOH reduced emissions of 33.68 kg CO₂·m⁻²·year⁻¹ and annual cost savings of $4.80·m⁻². These findings highlight the potential of composites to enhance energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact in buildings, contributing to zero-energy goals.