Deployment of Battery Energy Storage System in a Renewable Integrated Distribution Network Based on Long-Term Load Expansion

Renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered as the key component towards the decarbonization of power network. Nevertheless, the lack of controllability and the unpredictable behaviour of the output power from most of the RES technologies inherently impede their potential long-term and large scale applications. In this respect, the services facilitated by batter energy storage systems (BESSs) as an energy buffer proves to be a pertinent solution. Considering the high investment cost and the negative impact of designing sub-optimal BESS in terms of high operational costs and increased system losses, optimal sizing and allocation of BESS becomes important. In this paper, optimal sizing and placement of BESS is formulated considering the load expansion of the power network using voltage sensitivity technique. The proposed framework is test and validated on the load forecasting model of the distribution network of a city using real load and generation profiles of the subject city on an IEEE 8-bus system. The results obtained demonstrates an improvement in the reliability and stability of the system with reduced overloading on the transformers with respect to the load expansion.