Concise summary of existing correlations with thermophysical properties of seawater with applications: A recent review

Physical and thermal specifications of seawater are used by researchers and engineers in different fields. Accordingly, a vast array of literature has been devoted to developing different correlation equations for calculating seawater characteristics. This review presents a concise investigation of various physical and thermal specifications of seawater including: density, boiling point and vapor pressure, osmotic coefficient and pressure, surface tension, thermal conductivity, viscosity, specific enthalpy, specific entropy, specific heat capacity, isothermal compressibility, isobaric expansivity and Gibbs energy. Further to this, apsects of temperature, salinity and pressure have a significant influence on these properties, and will also be considered here. The techniques for determining each property have been provided in this review, where the proposed correlations and their uncertainties are also discussed, along with aspects related to temperature, salinity and pressure range. Considering that thermodynamic basic equations of seawater have uncertain ranges and varied properties, this review provides new direction to researchers to get deep in the field of seawater correlations.