Comparative study of air and glass-modified graphene rectangular waveguide for surface wave propagation

Theoretical study of dielectric-graphene-dielectric is carried out comparatively using modeling and simulation in a well-known software “COMSOL Multiphysics.” The problem is categorized into two cases for comparative analysis, i.e., air–graphene–air and glass–graphene–glass. Boundary conditions are used in this current problem to understand the behavior of surface waves in accelerator components. The effect of chemical potential and relaxation time on the dispersion curve is investigated. The graphical results for the modified graphene rectangular waveguide are logically described. The comparative analysis of characteristic curves of both these cases is accomplished and is within the range of 0.1–0.6 GHz. These characteristic curves are drawn for normalized phase (β) and attenuation constant (α) as a function of the operating surface wave frequency (ω). In response to relaxation time and chemical potential, glass–graphene–glass waveguide exhibits more β than air–graphene–air waveguide. Similarly, α for glass–graphene–glass displays a high magnitude than air–graphene–air. This confirms that the glass–graphene–glass waveguide is preferable to the second waveguide.