Chirality correlation of spin solitons: Bloch walls, spin-1/2 solitons and holes in a 2D antiferromagnetic background

We consider the quantum dynamics of spin solitons in a variety of low-dimensional magnetic systems in the semiclassical and the extreme quantum limit. Introducing the concept of chirality of the soliton we derive the dispersion of spin solitons moving through a periodic pinning potential and show that for half-odd integer spin the topological part of the Berry phase induces a halving of the Brillouin zone as well as chirality correlations between subsequent band minima. We demonstrate that these chirality and spin parity effects are universal by considering quasi-one-dimensional ferromagnets and antiferromagnets with local anisotropies and large spins, as well as spin-1/2 ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains in the Ising limit. For large spin systems, the tunneling rate between states of opposite chiralities is derived and shown to provide a novel scenario for macroscopic quantum phenomena. The results are extended to solitons moving as holes in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic background, leading to a hole spectrum which is in remarkable agreement with recent ARPES measurements on high-T_c compounds.