Carbon nanotube based ultra-low voltage integrated circuits: Scaling down to 0.4 v

Carbon nanotube (CNT) based integrated circuits (ICs) including basic logic and arithmetic circuits were demonstrated working under a supply voltage low as 0.4 V, which is much lower than that used in conventional silicon ICs. The low limit of supply voltage of the CNT circuits is determined by the degraded noise margin originated from the process inducing threshold voltage fluctuation. The power dissipation of CNT ICs can be remarkably reduced by scaling down the supply voltage, and it is of crucial importance for the further developments of nanoelectronics ICs with higher integration density.