Biomedical applications of chasmanthera dependens stem extract mediated silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and larvicidal agents

The stem extract of Chasmanthera dependens was used in the biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in this study. The AgNPs was characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), EDX, and the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Antibacterial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, thrombolytic and larvicidal activities of the biosynthesised nanoparticles were carried out. There was a peak at 418 nm with a strong silver peak observed around 2.7KeV when the EDX analysis was carried out. The FESEM showed a large number of cubically shaped nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 24.53 to 92.38 nm. CDE-AgNPs was effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae at 80 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml concentrations while little or no inhibition observed with other bacterial isolates used. CDE-AgNPs displayed potent activity with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ of 7.15 µg/ml and 20.86 µg/ml respectively against the Aedes aegypti mosquito larva after 1hr of exposure. The synthesised nanoparticles displayed scavenging activity of DPPH at all concentrations. High anticoagulant efficacy was displayed, while 45.61% clot lysis was observed. This study therefore demonstrated the effectiveness of biosynthesised Chasmanthera dependens stem extract silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, thrombolytic and larvicidal agents.