Biomaterials: A good source for H₂ production via photocatalysis

Biomaterials offer a sustainable and renewable source of photocatalysts. It has allowed for the development of extraordinary applications in sustaining the ecosystem as well as for the well-being of humans. Due to overpopulation, increasing energy demand and issues of global warming throughout the world, renewable and clean alternative energy sources have gained significant attention in the field of science and research. Solar energy is an inexhaustible energy source that can be used for hydrogen production via water splitting. For this purpose, photocatalysts have been developed, and biomaterials can also be used as photocatalysts. For the efficient hydrogen production on a large scale, the available photocatalysts are being modified using co-catalysts and/or doping techniques, which can enhance the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalysts. In this chapter, we reviewed some photocatalysts and the various approaches that have been made to enhance their photocatalytic properties, along with the future prospects.