Applications of superwettable materials for oil and water separation

In addition to negatively impact the economy, offshore oil spills and release of oily effluents affect our marine and biological environment. Experts have invented and developed several types of superwettable materials to be utilized for self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-fogging, water collection, and oil–water separation since the discovery of superwetting qualities from natural phenomena. To enhance removal of oil from contaminated water, new types of superwettable materials are being developed. Therefore, the goal of the current chapter is to showcase recent developments in superwettable materials, their fabrication techniques, and their applications. To better appreciate the research gap and restrictions on the marketing of these materials, the main concerns and obstacles related to the application of superwettable materials in oil–water separation system are highlighted. Additionally, there is great potential for large-scale development of superwettable oil–water separation materials that are economical, stable, environmentally friendly, and practically useful.