Advanced experimental techniques for the sensitive detection of a toxic bisphenol A using UiO-66-NDC/GO-based electrochemical sensor

In the present study, a simple and sensitive method for detecting bisphenol A (BPA) in various environments, including groundwater, was described using a widespread electrochemical method. BPA is well-known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, which may cause potential toxicological effects oon the nervous, reproductive, and immune systems. A novel metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NDC/GO) was synthesized, and its existence was confirmed by several characterization techniques like FTIR, UV–visible, XRD, SEM-EDX, Raman spectroscopy, and TGA. Due to the excellent electrocatalytic nature, UiO-66-NDC/GO was chosen as the sensor material and integrated on the surface of the bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE). The UiO-66-NDC/GO modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) was engaged for the detection of BPA using techniques like cyclic Voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The applied sensor exhibited an astonishing outcome for BPA detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. The lower detection limit (LLOD) of 0.025 μM was achieved at the modified sensor with a linear concentration range of 10–70 μM. Moreover, the practical applicability of the sensor was tested on tap water, drinking water, and fresh liquid milk, giving an excellent recovery of BPA in the range of 94.8–99.3 (v.%). The proposed method could be employed for electrochemical device or a solid state device fabrication for the onsite monitoring of BPA.