A systematic review on cellulose based hydrogels for anti-microbial applications

Cellulose-based hydrogels have garnered significant interest in antimicrobial applications due to their exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, and superior mechanical properties. This in-depth investigation explores the various mechanisms and innovative strategies employed by cellulose-based hydrogels to exhibit remarkable antimicrobial activity. Our review aims to provide significant insights into utilizing the full potential of cellulose sources, cross-linking moieties, and polymerization processes on the structure, porosity, and mechanical properties of hydrogels by highlighting the major features and recent advancements in this developing sector. Additionally, we examine alternative functionalization methods for enhancing antimicrobial efficacy, such as incorporating antimicrobial moieties and surface modification. Understanding the mechanisms of action that disrupt microbial cell membranes and cell walls is crucial for comprehending their antimicrobial efficacy. Moreover, we assess the antimicrobial action of these hydrogels against various pathogens, including fungi and bacteria. Finally, we address recent achievements and future goals in this field, emphasizing the importance of continued research and collaboration. This demonstrates the potential of cellulose-based hydrogels as potent weapons in the battle against antimicrobial resistance.