A simulation study of perovskite based solar cells using CZTS as HTM with different electron transporting materials

In this manuscript, we have performed the device modeling on perovskite based solar cells (PSC,s) to investigate the potential of different hole transport materials (HTM’s) in combination with electron transport materials (ETM) using SCAPS 3.3 software package. Our simulated results depict that in the case of PSCs with CZTS, various parameters such as Voc, FF and PCE have demonstrated their maximum values at HTM thickness 700nm. It is further observed that the increase thickness of absorber layer resulted in the significant improvement of different performance parameters at specific limit then become constant. Moreover, studies of metal contact exposed that by increasing the work function of front contact of PSC efficiency decline to 7.34%. Optimized value of FTO front contact and Ni back contact metal work function were found to be 4.4 and 5.35 eV respectively. But at higher value of defect density in the PSCs, the performance of the cell is independent of thickness. At the carrier concentration of ETM is 10¹⁸ cm^-3, ZnO and TiO₂ have PCE 12.52 and 12.69 % respectively.