A sensitive electrochemical sensor based on functionalized graphene oxide/SnO₂ for the determination of eugenol

A nanocomposite of functionalized graphene oxide decorated tin oxide (APTMS-GO@SnO₂) nanoparticles was successfully synthesized using a refluxing route. The carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with an APTMS-GO@SnO₂ nanocomposite showed good electrocatalytic activity for eugenol oxidation in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) pH 3.0. The oxidation of eugenol by the APTMS-GO@SnO₂/CPE was controlled by the diffusion process and exhibited a higher anodic current response than when unmodified. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to determine the optimal electrode parameters and the purposed sensor showed good stability, sensitivity, and selectivity with a low limit of detection at 0.02 μM (3σ) and a wide linear range of 0.05–440 μM. The developed sensor was successfully applied for determining the eugenol content in clove and capsule products. These results exhibited that the sensor has good precision with a %recovery > 95% and good agreement results with other methods at a confidence level of 95%.