A Novel Multi-Criteria Quantum Group Decision-Making Model Considering Decision Makers’ Risk Perception Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Numbers

In multi-criteria group decision making, decision makers are commonly regarded as independent. However, in practice, heterogeneous backgrounds and complex cognitive processes lead to mutual interference among their judgments. To address this gap, a novel multi-criteria quantum group decision-making model is proposed that explicitly incorporates opinion interference effects. First, type-2 fuzzy numbers are employed to represent evaluation information, and a specialized Euclidean distance measure for them is introduced. Second, an extended distance-based criteria importance through an inter-criteria correlation method incorporating Deng entropy is developed to derive robust criteria weights under uncertainty. Third, the TODIM method integrates cumulative prospect theory to capture decision makers’ risk perceptions and computes prospect-based dominance degrees. Fourth, a quantum-inspired aggregation mechanism models the mutual interference in group opinions. Finally, a case study on FinTech startup investment demonstrates the model’s practical applicability, while sensitivity analysis and comparisons to established methods confirm its robustness and effectiveness.