A facile fabrication of platinum nanoparticle-modified graphite pencil electrode for highly sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide

A novel platinum nanoparticle-modified graphite pencil electrode (PtNP-GPE) for a non-enzymatic determination of H₂O₂ is proposed. The PtNP-GPE is prepared by heating a GPE in an aqueous solution of ammonium tetrachloroplatinate(II) and ascorbic acid at 75°C for 15 min. Both unmodified and PtNP-GPE are characterized using field-emission-SEM and cyclic voltammetry. The PtNP-GPE showed better electrocatalytic properties toward the electrochemical redox reaction of H₂O₂ than that of the unmodified GPE. The PtNP-GPE amperometric response is tested at four different potentials (+0.7, +0.5, -0.2 and -0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode). Taking into consideration both the intensity of the amperometric response and detector stability, the applied potential of +0.5 V is the best among the tested potentials. The PtNP-GPE amperometric response of H₂O₂ at +0.5 V is linear from 10 to 110 μM (R² = 0.999) with a detection limit of 3.6 μM.