A Critical Review of Recent Development in Li-Ion Battery Cooling Using Advance Phase Change Materials

Electric vehicles (EVs) can significantly reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, compared to traditional fuel vehicles and also effectively reduced the severe increasing pollution from transportation sector. EVs technology are the alternative of petrol/diesel vehicles, however performance of the power batteries in the major concerns. Li-ion battery (LiBs) are very sensitive to the temperature, which drastically affect the lifespan, thermal performance and safety. Battery thermal management (BTMSs) in thus an essential and it can considerably decrease the adversative effect of high battery cells temperature. In this regard, this work presents a detailed review of BTMSs using phase change materials (PCMs), including metal-foam based PCM, nano-particles dispersed PCM and fin insertion in PCM. It is found that the PCM through utilization of nano-particles possesses excellent thermal properties for effective heat dissipation of the battery pack and highly advantageous. In future, advanced BTMS for fast-charging EVs working at high temperature, hydride BTMS through utilization of heat pipes with forced air cooling and nano-particles will be advantageous. The tactic presented for battery cooling herein can be utilized by the EV industry in fast-charging based vehicle conditions.