A comparative study on magnetic and non-magnetic particles in nanofluid propagating over a wedge

The purpose of this paper is to investigate convective heat and mass transfer of nanofluid in the context of improving physical properties through magnetic and non-magnetic nanomaterials under the magnetic influence. For this, three magnetic nanoparticles: cast iron, pure iron, and magnetite and three non-magnetic: gold, silver, and copper are taken into account. The physical problem for homogenous nanofluid is modeled by employing the magnetic interaction between nanoparticles through Lorentz force into fundamental equations of thermo-hydrodynamic and correlations models that support effective physical properties. The governing equations in dimensionless form are taken to analyse the nanofluid flow as well as heat profile. The impact of interesting physical parameters like particle volume fraction and magnetic field on patterns of velocity and the temperature are graphically demonstrated and discussed. The effect of concentration and size of nanoparticles on shear stress and heat transfer at the wall are examined through numerical values shown in table form. The results show that the heat transfer rate of a base fluid is enhanced by deploying nanoparticles and further improved by taking small-size magnetic nanoparticles.