Effect of Small Sided Recreational Basketball on Maximum Oxygen Uptake, Body Composition, Self Esteem, Motivation to Exercise, Depression and Selected Physical Parameters in Untrained Male

Recreational sports can play major role in promotion of health and fitness. Exercise can be performed as a recreational activity. Basketball is body contact game well known for efforts such as sprints, jumps and quick stops. It has been found that many studies have been done in the past to study the effect of recreation football or recreation on healthy male and female subjects. Not many studies have been done on recreational basketball. Especially in this part of world where climate is a big challenge for outdoor activities, we would like to see if small sided games of recreation basketball can have a positive effect on health parameters. Objectives 1. To study the effect of small sided recreational basketball on following variables in untrained males: a. Body Composition (Body Mass, Body Fat Percent, Lean Body Mass) b. Physical Parameters (Blood Pressure, Resting Heart Rate, Maximal Oxygen Uptake) c. Self Esteem and Motivation to Exercise d. Depression 2. To examine relationship between Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Body Fat Percent Methods Participants Participants will be undergraduate male students from King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM). Total 24 male participants will be selected randomly following exclusion criteria. Study Design Project will be carried for 12 weeks. A supervised recreation basketball will be offered to the participants in order to examine the effect of number of players, duration and frequency of session on the outcome of the study. Two groups will be formed to study the effects. Group one will be experimental with 12 participants. Group two will be control with 12 participants. The participants will be examined and tested at baseline and after 12 weeks. Intervention Twelve weeks of supervised recreational basketball will be offered to the participants in experimental group. There will be total four teams. Each team will consist of 3 players instead of regular five. All games will be played will played on half basketball court. Sessions will be conducted in the evening for two times in a week. Each session will last for 30 minutes. Each basketball session will be divided in two halves of 15 minutes each. No specific coaching instructions will be given to the participants by the investigators. Statistical Analysis Collected data will be presented as means and standard deviation. All data will be assessed for normality by using Shapiro Wilks test. Baseline measurement will be checked for any group differences before intervention using T Test. In addition, between groups differences in delta values (post minus pre values) will be tested by T Test. Pearson correlation test was computed for correlation between VO2max and body fat percentage. P-value of 0.05 will be taken as statistically significant.