Development of Smart NanoVein ThermoWall Board for Net Zero and Sustainable Buildings for Future Cities

The urban growth leads to increasing issues of energy consumption and environmental degradation. Traditional building materials often rely on energy-intensive heating, ventila...ation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to maintain acceptable indoor conditions. In Saudi Arabia, nearly 70% of energy production is dedicated to cooling buildings due to the extreme climate. The implementation of the Smart NanoVein ThermoWall Board (NV-TWB) is expected to reduce building cooling loads by 40-50%, potentially leading to a 30-40% reduction in carbon emissions. The NV-TWB system provides a cost-effective and easily integrable solution, seamlessly integrating into both new and existing structures. The Smart NV-TWB, designed to regulate indoor climate, has the potential to significantly diminish energy consumption in the building sector, which is one of the most energy-intensive industries. This directly supports the Kingdom's goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy usage. The research will be conducted in three major phases to accomplish the specified objectives. The first phase focuses on designing and developing the Smart NanoVein ThermoWall Board (NV-TWB) system, optimizing it for efficient indoor heat absorption and climate control. This step will also involve the integration of thermally conductive material into the structure, ensuring the material's efficiency in heat management. A comprehensive assessment of the material's physical, mechanical, and thermal properties will be conducted to ensure compliance with industry requirements. In the second phase, an innovative nanofluid will be developed to circulate throughout the system, acting as an effective coolant to improve heat absorption and dissipation. The NV-TWB will be tested using laboratory testing and simulations to assess its thermal efficiency and mechanical performance under various climatic conditions. This data will guide the enhancement of the material's design, composition, and nanofluid flow rate, ensuring optimal performance. During this phase, AI-driven and IoT-based control mechanisms will be developed to autonomously manage nanofluid flow and maintain a consistent indoor temperature of 25°C for optimal comfort. The third phase involves pilot installations of the smart NV-TWB system in real building environments to evaluate its effectiveness in real-time climate control and energy efficiency. These setups will facilitate the long-term data collection, enabling the enhancement of materials, optimization of AI-driven control systems, and assessment of the system's scalability and practical applications. The successful development and implementation of the Smart NV-TWB system are expected to significantly impact the construction sector by minimizing energy usage, reducing operational expenses, and lowering carbon emissions, making it an attractive option for people pursuing sustainable urban growth.